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EVALUATION ON THE EFFECT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS ON CD4 T-CELL AND THE INCREMENT OF BODY WEIGHT AMONG HIV-AIDS PATIENTS IN SURABAYA Frederika, Edith; Normalina, Irine; Nasronudin, Nasronudin; Mega, Rury
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 3, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

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Antiretroviral drug discovery has encouraged a revolution in the care of people living with HIV, although it has not been able to cure diseases and to increase the challenge in terms of drug side effects. Side effects of antiretroviral drugs are fairly common occurrences in HIV patients and generally occurr within the first three months after initiation of antiretroviral therapy, although long-term sideÂ effects are also often found afterwards. This study aims to evaluate the number of CD4 T-cells in patients with AIDS before and afterÂ getting on ARV therapy, the side effects arising during the taking of ARVs are related to the increment of body weight among the HIVAIDSÂ patients. Subjects were then narrowed down from 25 to 12 due to the incomplete data. The results showed that the top threeÂ mostÂ sideÂ effects which often occur in people with AIDS are appetite loss (20.0%), nausea (17.8%), and diarrhoea (15.6%). Meanwhile, about 58% of the subjects experienced increment of their body weight, and 42% were losing weight due to the side effects of the ARV therapy. Among those who lost their body weight, 50% were in the productive ages between 21â30 years old. The present study shows that combination antiretroviral therapy gives good results to the increased number of CD4 T-cells in patients living with HIV, as shown by the tendency of an increment in the number of CD4 T-cells in patients who received antiretroviral therapy. However, around 42% of those patients were losing weight because of the side effects of the therapy. Therefore, the importance of giving specific nutrient to overcome with the weight loss is needed to be given to the patients HIV instead of only giving the ARV treatment.

IDENTIFICATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN HUMAN AND POULTRY IN THE AREA OF LARANGAN WET MARKET SIDOARJO-EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Frederika, Edith; Mareta, Aldise; Poetranto, Djoko; Wulandari, Laksmi; Setyoningrum, Retno Asih; Setyowati, Lucia Landia; Yudhawati, Resti; Soegiarto, Gatot; Yamaoka, Masaoki
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 4, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Background: Influenza is a viral infection that attacks the respiratory system (nose, throat, and lungs) that commonly known as âfluâ. There are 3 types of influenza viruses, such as type A, type B, and type C. Influenza virus type A is the type of virus that can infect both human and animals, virus type B are normally found only in human, and Influenza virus type C can cause mild illness in human and not causing any epidemics or pandemics. Among these 3 types of influenza viruses, only influenza A viruses infect birds, particularly wild bird that are the natural host for all subtypes of influenza A virus. Generally, those wild birds do not get sick when they are infected with influenza virus, unlike chickens or ducks which may die from avian influenza. Aim: In this study, we are identifying the influenza viruses among poultry in Larangan wet market. Method: Around 500 kinds of poultry were examined from cloacal swab. Result: Those samples were restrained with symptoms of suspected H5. The people who worked as the poultry-traders intact with the animal everyday were also examined, by taking nasopharyngeal swab and blood serum. Conclusion: Identification of influenza viruses was obtained to define the type and subtype of influenza virus by PCR.

EVALUATION ON THE EFFECT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS ON CD4 T-CELL AND THE INCREMENT OF BODY WEIGHT AMONG HIV-AIDS PATIENTS IN SURABAYA Frederika, Edith; Normalina, Irine; Nasronudin, Nasronudin; Mega, Rury
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 3, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v3i2.210

Antiretroviral drug discovery has encouraged a revolution in the care of people living with HIV, although it has not been able to cure diseases and to increase the challenge in terms of drug side effects. Side effects of antiretroviral drugs are fairly common occurrences in HIV patients and generally occurr within the first three months after initiation of antiretroviral therapy, although long-term sideÂ effects are also often found afterwards. This study aims to evaluate the number of CD4 T-cells in patients with AIDS before and afterÂ getting on ARV therapy, the side effects arising during the taking of ARVs are related to the increment of body weight among the HIVAIDSÂ patients. Subjects were then narrowed down from 25 to 12 due to the incomplete data. The results showed that the top threeÂ mostÂ sideÂ effects which often occur in people with AIDS are appetite loss (20.0%), nausea (17.8%), and diarrhoea (15.6%). Meanwhile, about 58% of the subjects experienced increment of their body weight, and 42% were losing weight due to the side effects of the ARV therapy. Among those who lost their body weight, 50% were in the productive ages between 21â30 years old. The present study shows that combination antiretroviral therapy gives good results to the increased number of CD4 T-cells in patients living with HIV, as shown by the tendency of an increment in the number of CD4 T-cells in patients who received antiretroviral therapy. However, around 42% of those patients were losing weight because of the side effects of the therapy. Therefore, the importance of giving specific nutrient to overcome with the weight loss is needed to be given to the patients HIV instead of only giving the ARV treatment.

IDENTIFICATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN HUMAN AND POULTRY IN THE AREA OF LARANGAN WET MARKET SIDOARJO-EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Frederika, Edith; Mareta, Aldise; Poetranto, Djoko; Wulandari, Laksmi; Setyoningrum, Retno Asih; Setyowati, Lucia Landia; Yudhawati, Resti; Soegiarto, Gatot; Yamaoka, Masaoki
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 4, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v4i4.230

Background: Influenza is a viral infection that attacks the respiratory system (nose, throat, and lungs) that commonly known as âfluâ. There are 3 types of influenza viruses, such as type A, type B, and type C. Influenza virus type A is the type of virus that can infect both human and animals, virus type B are normally found only in human, and Influenza virus type C can cause mild illness in human and not causing any epidemics or pandemics. Among these 3 types of influenza viruses, only influenza A viruses infect birds, particularly wild bird that are the natural host for all subtypes of influenza A virus. Generally, those wild birds do not get sick when they are infected with influenza virus, unlike chickens or ducks which may die from avian influenza. Aim: In this study, we are identifying the influenza viruses among poultry in Larangan wet market. Method: Around 500 kinds of poultry were examined from cloacal swab. Result: Those samples were restrained with symptoms of suspected H5. The people who worked as the poultry-traders intact with the animal everyday were also examined, by taking nasopharyngeal swab and blood serum. Conclusion: Identification of influenza viruses was obtained to define the type and subtype of influenza virus by PCR.

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