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Cassapro in broiler ration : Interaction with rice bran Kompiang, I. Putu; Sinurat, A.P.; Purwadaria, T.; Darma, J.; ., Supriyati
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 1, No 2 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v1i2.15

A three by three factorial experimental design (cassapro levels 0, 5 and 10% x rice bran levels 0, 21 and 42%) was employed to study the effect of cassapro and rice bran and their interaction on boiler performance. All rations were formulated to be isonutrients . Each ration was fed to 40 three days old chicks, divided into 4 cages (10 birds/cage). Feed and water were given ad libitum during the 4 weeks trial . Feeding cassapro significantly (P<0 .05) improved body weight gain, with no significant effect on feed conversion ratio (FCR). Rice bran significantly (P<0 .001) reduced body weight gain and caused poorer FCR (P<0 .01) . There was a significant interaction effect of cassapro and rice bran on body weight gain (P<0.01) as well as FCR (P<0 .001) . It is concluded that cassapro contained some factors, which are most likely digestive enzymes, which enhhance digestibility of rice bran .

The utilization of NDCP (natural defluorinated calcium phosphate) in broiler ration as compared with dicalcium phosphate Sinurat, A.P.; Dharsana, R.; Pasaribu, T.; Panggabean, T.; Habibie, A.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 1, No 1 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An experiment was conducted to study the utilization of local rock phosphate or natural defluorirutted calcium phosphate (NDCP) as phosphorus source for broilers by using the imported dicalcium phosphate (DCP) as a reference . The study was designed by formulating 6 experimental diets which consist of 2 phosphorus sources (DCP dan NDCP) and 3 dietary total P levels (0 .55 ; 0.65 and 0 .75%) . Each diet was fed to 60 chickens (10 replicates with 6 birds each) from three day old to 6 weeks of age . Parameters observed were feed consumption, body weight gain, mortality, Ca and P retention, and ash content of tibia bones . Results showed that dietary phosphorus levels (0 .55 to 0 .75 %) did not significantly affect body weight gain, feed consumption, and mortalities . However, better feed conversion ratio was obtained when dietary phosphorus level was 0 .55% . The NDCP treated birds could significantly gain heavier weight compared with those received DCP, although this improvement was also followed by an increase in the feed consumption . The relative biological value of phosphorus in NDCP was 101 `7n . It is concluded that NDCP can he used in broilers diet to replace DCP as phosphorus source . Key words : Rock phosphate, NDCP, broiler

Cassapro in broiler ration : Interaction with rice bran Kompiang, I. Putu; Sinurat, A.P.; Purwadaria, T.; Darma, J.; ., Supriyati
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 1, No 2 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v1i2.15

A three by three factorial experimental design (cassapro levels 0, 5 and 10% x rice bran levels 0, 21 and 42%) was employed to study the effect of cassapro and rice bran and their interaction on boiler performance. All rations were formulated to be isonutrients . Each ration was fed to 40 three days old chicks, divided into 4 cages (10 birds/cage). Feed and water were given ad libitum during the 4 weeks trial . Feeding cassapro significantly (P<0 .05) improved body weight gain, with no significant effect on feed conversion ratio (FCR). Rice bran significantly (P<0 .001) reduced body weight gain and caused poorer FCR (P<0 .01) . There was a significant interaction effect of cassapro and rice bran on body weight gain (P<0.01) as well as FCR (P<0 .001) . It is concluded that cassapro contained some factors, which are most likely digestive enzymes, which enhhance digestibility of rice bran . Key words: Cassapro, Aspergillus niger, rice bran, broiler

Improving the nutritive value of palm oil sludge by fermentation : The effect of fungi strain, environmental temperature and enzymatic process Pasaribu, T.; Sinurat, A.P.; Purwadaria, T.; ., Supriyati; Rosida, J.; Hamid, H.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 3, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An experiment was conducted to improve the nutritive value of palm oil sludge (POS) by fermentation process. Aspergillus niger BPT and NRRL 337 were used into fermenting POS for three days and followed by anaerobic enzymatic process. The experiment was arranged in 2x3 factorial design i.e., enzymatic incubation time (2, 3, and 4 days) and environmental temperature during enzymatic process (room temperature and 40Â°C). Changes on chemical compositions (crude protein, true protein, ADF and NDF), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and protein digestibility (IVPD) were measured. The results showed that both A. niger BPT and NRRL 337 grew well on POS media with the best result at 3 days. The fermentation process by both strains increased crude protein and true protein of POS. The A. niger NRRL reduced the fiber content (ADF and NDF) more than A. niger BPT the IVDMD and IVPD were not significantly affected by fermentation process without enzymatic process. The IVDMD increased significantly when the fermentation followed by enzymatic process. Overall results showed that the best fermentation of POS was obtained by using A. niger NRRL followed by enzymatic process in room temperature for two days. Key words : Palm oil sludge, fermentation, nutritive value

Improving the nutritive values of solid heavy phase to substitute corn in laying hens diet Pasaribu, Tiurma; Sinurat, A.P.; Purwadaria, T.; Ketaren, P.P.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 3 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Solid heavy phase (SHP), a by product material of palm oil factory obtained by ceramic filtration from liquid waste could be used as a feedstuff to replace corn in poultry diet. A series of experiment was carried out to improve nutrient value of the SHP by supplementation of enzymes and amino acids in order to increase the proportion of SHP to substitute corn in layer diet. There are three enzymes i.e.: Balitnak production (BS4), a commercial single enzyme (consist of mannanase) and comercial multienzymes were tested. All the enzymes were mixed with fresh SHP in different dose, dried and ground. The nutrient digestibility of these materials was measured in order to decide the optimum level of each enzyme. Based on this result, a feeding trial was carried out. Experimental diets were formulated to study the effect of substitusion of 25% or 50% corn with dried SHP or enzymes-treated SHP on the performances of the layers. The effect of methionine and lysine supplementation into diets contained high levels of SHP was also studied. Results showed that all enzymes studied could increase the energy (TME) of the SHP. BS4 enzyme and the commercial multienzimes, except single enzyme, also increase the true protein digestibility of the SHP. The optimum dose of each enzyme for each kg dry mater of SHP was 13.3 ml BS4, 2 g single enzyme and 3 g multienzymes. Substitution of 25% corn in layer diet with dried SHP or enzymes-treated SHP did not significantly impair the performances (hen-day egg production and FCR) of layers. However, substitution of 50% corn with SHP + multienzymes or SHP + single enzyme significantly impaired the performances of the layers. Addition of methionine and lysine amino acids restored the performance of the hens fed with SHP + commercial multienzyimes, but not those fed with high levels of SHP + commercial single enzyme. Substitution of 50% corn with SHP + BS4 enzime did not significantly impaire the performance of layers and therefore, addition of amino acids into the diet was not required. Substitution of 25% or 50% corn with dried SHP or enzymes-treated SHP did not affect the egg quality (HU, yolk color index and shell thickness). It is concluded that solid heavy phase (SHP) could be used to substitute 25 to 50% corn in layer diet, especially when the SHP was treated with BS4 enzyme. Key Words: Solid Heavy Phase, Enzymes, Amino Acids, Layer

Nutritive value of fermented coconut meal and its inclusion in ration of male ducklings Sinurat, A.P.; Setiadi, P.; Purwadaria, T.; Setioko, A.R.; Dharma, Jinadasa
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 1, No 3 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An experiment was conducted to study the metabolizable nutrients of fermented and non-fermented coconut meal for ducks. The study was also followed by a feeding trial on male ducklings. Assay on the metabolizability of nutrients (energy, protein, dry matter, and phosphorus) of the feedstuffs were conducted by total collection method. Results of the study showed that the metabolizable-energy, protein, dry matter and phosphorus of non-fermented coconut meal were 1,667 Kcal/kg, 31 .3%, 60% and 23%, as compared to 2,473 Kcal/kg, 36.3%, 63.2% and 36.1% for the fermented coconut meal, respectively. The feeding trial was designed to study the tolerance of ducklings to fermented or non-fermented coconut meal at 0, 10, 20 and 30% in the diet . Results showed that non-fermented coconut meal can be included in the diet of ducklings up to 30% with no growth depression . The use of fermented coconut meal at 10%, 20% or 30% depress growth of ducklings at early stage of growth (until 5 weeks of age), with no effect on feed consumption. The growth depression, however was not observed at older age. Based on the final body weight and feed conversion ratio it is recommended that the fermented coconut meal should not be included more than 20% in the diet of male ducklings . Keywords: Coconut meal, fermentation, ducks

The Utilization of turmeric and curcuma xanthorrhiza as feed additive for broilers Sinurat, A.P.; Purwadaria, T.; Bintang, I.A.K.; Ketaren, P.P.; Bermawie, N.; Raharjo, M.; Rizal, M.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The use of plant bioactives to replace antibiotics are now widely investigated. Turmeric or Curcuma longa (CL) and curcuma xanthorrhiza (CX), are commonly used by human and known to have active ingredients as antimicrobial. Therefore a research was conducted to evaluate the possibility of using these plant bioactives to replace antibiotic in poultry feed. The bioactives concentration of the CL and CX powder were measured prior to the feeding trial and then supplemented into standard diets of broiler chikens. The levels tested in this trial were based on the active ingredients that could inhibit growth of bacteria and fungi, i.e., low, medium and high levels of the CL and CX, respectively. The combination of low level of CL + high level of CX and low level CL +Â medium level of CX were also tested. A diet without feed additives and with antibiotics were used as controls. Each diet was fed from day old to 35 days old, replicated 6 times and each replication consist of 15 birds. Results showed that neither the antibiotic tested nor the turmeric (CL), xanthorrhiza (CX) nor the mixture of CL and CX gave significant (P>0.05) improvement on performances (body weight, FCR and mortatlity), nutrient digestibility of feed and carcass yield of broilers. Key Words: Â Broilers, Curcuma Longa, Curcuma Canthorrizhol, Bioactive

The correlation between mannanase and cellulase activities towards fibre content of palm oil sludge fermented with Aspergillus niger Purwadaria, T.; Sinurat, A.P.; Haryati, T.; Sutikno, I.; ., Supriyati; Dharma, J.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 3, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Enzyme (mannanase and cellulase) activities and fibre (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) contents were determined during the fermentation course of palm oil sludge with Aspergillus niger TL (wild type) and A. niger ES I (an asporogenous mutant). The analyses were carried out at the incubation time of 3 and 4 days of aerobic fennentation and at 2 days of anaerobic fermentation afterward. The correlations between mamlanase activity with hemicellulose content and cellulose activity with cellulose content were calculated by linear regression . The activities of matutanase and cellulase are increasing during the aerobic fennentation, while in the anaerobic fennentation the enzyme activities are decreasing due to instability of the enzymes. The enzyme activities of ESI are higher than the TL. The regression coefficient is highly significant for correlation between mamlanase and hemicellulose content of fermented product by ESI (r = 0.83; P<0.01) . While other correlations are not statistically significant (P>0 .05) . Marutanase and cellulase activities were also detected after the fermented product dried at 60Â°C which indicated the enzymes are quite stable . Key words: Palm oil sludge, fermentation, cellulase, mamlanase, cellulose, hemicellulose, Aspergillus niger

The effect of fermentor temperatures and moisture content of substrate on the nutritive value of fermented palm oil sludge Sinurat, A.P.; Purwadaria, T.; Rosida, J.; Surachman, H.; Hamid, H.; Kompiang, P.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 3, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A series of experiment was designed in order to improve the nutritive value of palm oil sludge (POS) through fermentation. POS was fermented in a fermentor chamber with different temperatures (28 and 32oC) and initial moisture content of the substrate (50,55 and 60%). The nutrient content (crude protein, true protein, in vitro- dry matter and protein digestibility and crude fibre) of the fermented products were evaluated at different stages of the fermentation, i.e.: before incubated (F0), 3 d after aerobic incubation (F3) and 2 d anaerobic incubation after F3 (EN). Cellulase and mannanase activity of the EN products were also measured before and after dried at 60oC. Fermentation at 32oC produced better product (higher nutritive values), although the in vitro dry matter digestibility was not affected by the temperatures. All parameters measured were not significantly influenced by the initial moisture content of the substrate. The nutritive value of unincubated POS (F0) was significantly poorer than the F3 and EN and there was no different in nutrient value between F3 and EN. Soluble nitrogen and in vitro dry matter digestibility were not significantly affected by the stages of the fermentation. Mannanase activity in the EN product was significantly higher when the fermentation was performed at 32oC than those at 28oC and the enzyme activity was reduced after dried (320.7 vs 201.8 U/g DM). The cellulase activity of the fresh/wet fermented product produced at 28oC was significantly higher than those produced at 32oC, but the reverse was occurred in the dry products. It is concluded that fermentation process of palm oil sludge at 32oC and initial moisture content of 50-60% produced better (in vitro) nutritive value. Key words: Palm oil sludge, fermentation, nutritive value

The correlation between mannanase and cellulase activities towards fibre content of palm oil sludge fermented with Aspergillus niger Purwadaria, T.; Sinurat, A.P.; Haryati, T.; Sutikno, I.; ., Supriyati; Dharma, J.
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 3, No 4 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Enzyme (mannanase and cellulase) activities and fibre (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) contents were determined during the fermentation course of palm oil sludge with Aspergillus niger TL (wild type) and A. niger ES I (an asporogenous mutant). The analyses were carried out at the incubation time of 3 and 4 days of aerobic fennentation and at 2 days of anaerobic fermentation afterward. The correlations between mamlanase activity with hemicellulose content and cellulose activity with cellulose content were calculated by linear regression . The activities of matutanase and cellulase are increasing during the aerobic fennentation, while in the anaerobic fennentation the enzyme activities are decreasing due to instability of the enzymes. The enzyme activities of ESI are higher than the TL. The regression coefficient is highly significant for correlation between mamlanase and hemicellulose content of fermented product by ESI (r = 0.83; P<0.01) . While other correlations are not statistically significant (P>0 .05) . Marutanase and cellulase activities were also detected after the fermented product dried at 60°C which indicated the enzymes are quite stable . Key words: Palm oil sludge, fermentation, cellulase, mamlanase, cellulose, hemicellulose, Aspergillus niger

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