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The Relatedness between Hepatitis B Virus from Non-Papuan Blood Donors in Jayapura and the Papuan Clusters NUGRAHAPUTRA, VICTOR EKA; AMIN, MOCHAMAD; MERTANIASIH, NI MADE; LUSIDA, MARIA INGE
Microbiology Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2009): August 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

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The genotypes (A-H) and subtypes (adw2, adw4, adrq-, adrq+, ayw1-4, ayr) of HBV show distinct geographical distributions, which have been associated with anthropological history. The novel finding of the HBV subgenotypes C6 and D6 from Papuans formed a specific cluster distinct from the previous HBV subgenotypes C1-C5 and D1-D5. In this study we determined the most recent genotype-subtype patterns of the HBV from non-Papuan blood donors who live in Jayapura and their phylogenetic relatedness, especially with the Papuan clusters. Fifteen HBsAg-positive serums were obtained from non-Papuan blood donors including from people in Java (46.7%), Maluku (26.7%), Sulawesi (20%) and East Nusa Tenggara (6.7%). S gene of all HBV serum isolates were partially sequenced and analyzed. Most HBV isolates (53.3%) were classified as genotype B, followed by genotype C(26.7%) and D (20.0%). The subtype adw2 (33.3%) was predominant, followed by adrq+ (26.7%) and ayw1/ayw2 (20.0%). All HBV isolates with subtype adw2 and ayw1 belonged to genotype B, while adrq+ belonged to genotype C and ayw2 belonged to genotype D. The most predominant HBV genotype-subtype (B/adw2) was consistent with the ethnic background (mostly from Java people). Nevertheless, based on the phylogenetic relatedness, many non Papuan isolates (40%) were classified into HBV/C6 and HBV/D6 of the Papuan clusters. Other isolates were classified into HBV/C1, HBV/B3 and HBV/B7. In conclusion, many HBV isolates from non-Papuans in Jayapura belonged to the Papuan clusters, but others had different genotype-subtype patterns with frequencies dependent on ethnicity.

HEPATITIS B SEROLOGY PROFILES ON CHILDREN AGED 1â13 YEARS OLD IN SUMENEP, MADURA Putera, Edward M; Marcia, Dian; Firdarini, Itja; Amin, Mochamad; Juniastuti, Juniastuti; Purwono, Priyo B; Utsumi, Takako; Lusida, Maria I
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 3, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

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Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) which was acquired during perinatal or childhood would promote hepatocellular carcinomaÂ with even higher percentage than that which was acquired during adult age. That is why HBV represents a serious public health threatÂ for children. HBV vaccination has been integrated into national expanded programme on immunization (EPI) since 1997. The aimof they study is to investigate the prevalence of HBV among children who were born after 1997 in Sumenep. Material and Methods:Â a total of 102 children who were born after 1997 were enrolled in this study. All children were admitted in the Emergency Room andÂ Pediatric Ward of dr. H. Moh Anwar General Hospital for some reasons. Written informed consents were obtained from parents/guardians of all the children. Study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committees. All of these cases were examinedÂ for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (Anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (Anti-HBc). ResultÂ and Discussion: Overall, 6 (5.88%) of 102 samples were positive for HBsAg, 51 (50.00%) of 102 samples were positive for anti-HBs,Â and 49 (48.04%) of 102 samples were positive for anti-HBc. All the children were born after 1997. Conclusion: HBsAg rate is stillÂ high even after universal vaccination program, acquired protective antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen were sufficient, butÂ there is a suspicion for occult hepatitis B infections (OBI). A further study to confirm OBI is needed.

HEPATITIS B SEROLOGY PROFILES ON CHILDREN AGED 1â13 YEARS OLD IN SUMENEP, MADURA Putera, Edward M; Marcia, Dian; Firdarini, Itja; Amin, Mochamad; Juniastuti, Juniastuti; Purwono, Priyo B; Utsumi, Takako; Lusida, Maria I
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 3, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) which was acquired during perinatal or childhood would promote hepatocellular carcinomaÂ with even higher percentage than that which was acquired during adult age. That is why HBV represents a serious public health threatÂ for children. HBV vaccination has been integrated into national expanded programme on immunization (EPI) since 1997. The aimof they study is to investigate the prevalence of HBV among children who were born after 1997 in Sumenep. Material and Methods:Â a total of 102 children who were born after 1997 were enrolled in this study. All children were admitted in the Emergency Room andÂ Pediatric Ward of dr. H. Moh Anwar General Hospital for some reasons. Written informed consents were obtained from parents/guardians of all the children. Study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committees. All of these cases were examinedÂ for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (Anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (Anti-HBc). ResultÂ and Discussion: Overall, 6 (5.88%) of 102 samples were positive for HBsAg, 51 (50.00%) of 102 samples were positive for anti-HBs,Â and 49 (48.04%) of 102 samples were positive for anti-HBc. All the children were born after 1997. Conclusion: HBsAg rate is stillÂ high even after universal vaccination program, acquired protective antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen were sufficient, butÂ there is a suspicion for occult hepatitis B infections (OBI). A further study to confirm OBI is needed.

High Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Infection (OBI) and its Molecular Characteristics among Pregnant Women in Surabaya, Indonesia MEILANI, MEILANI; UTSUMI, TAKAKO; JUNIASTUTI, JUNIASTUTI; AMIN, MOCHAMAD; SOETJIPTO, SOETJIPTO; HAYASHI, YOSHITAKE; LUSIDA, MARIA INGE
Microbiology Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2016): March 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Perinatal transmission is the predominant mode of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in countries where HBV infection is endemic. Newborns of HBV infected mothers have a high risk (up to 90%) of chronicity through perinatal transmission. HBsAg serology screening has been recommended to pregnant women, to prevent perinatal HBV infection. However, at present HBV DNA can be detected in serum with negative HBsAg (OBI - occult hepatitis B infection). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) in pregnant women in Surabaya, Indonesia and its virological characteristics. A total of 50 HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc-positive sera were tested for anti-HBs and HBeAg. HBV DNA was isolated from these samples, analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. HBV DNA was detected in 9 (18%) samples, based on part of the S gene sequence. HBV/B3-adw2 was found predominant in 7 (77.7%) samples, HBV/B9-ayw1 in 1 (11.1%) sample, and HBV/C7-adrq+ in 1 (11.1%) sample. Three samples had mutations (Q129H, T131N, M133S, T140I, T126I) in the âaâ determinant region, which may play a role in the undetectability of the virus by the common HBsAg detection kit. The prevalence of OBI in pregnant women from Surabaya is high, but still in line with the general population in Asia. Application of anti-HBc antibody or HBV DNA detection in screening would be very beneficial and prevent perinatal transmission from OBI pregnant women.

Distribution of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes Among Patients at Internal Medicine Unit, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya Wungu, Citrawati Dyah Kencono; Amin, Mochamad; Kholili, Ulfa; Prabowo, Gwenny Ichsan; Setiawan, Poernomo Boedi; Soetjipto, Soetjipto; Handajani, Retno
WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) Vol 4, No 1 (2019): MAY 2019
Publisher : Warmadewa University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/wmj.4.1.1032.6-13

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. The study of HBV genotypes is important to find out the diversity of HBV genotypes related to the severity of the disease, response to therapy, and clinical symptoms. Objective: This study was aimed to detect HBV genotypes in patients at Hepatology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. Methods: This study was conducted on new patients at Hepatology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya in one month. Nested PCR was performed by targetting HBV surface genes. Samples with positive HBV DNA were sequenced and analysed further. Results: In this study, a total of 27 samples were obtained. The prevalence of HBV infection shown by positive HBsAg in patients with symptoms of liver disease was 55.55% (15/27 patients). Based on the results of electrophoresis from PCR products, positive HBV DNA was obtained in these 15 patients (100%). After sequencing samples with positive HBV DNA, genotype B of Indonesian strain was found to be predominant genotype (100%). Subgenotype analysis showed that 7/15 samples had B3 subgenotype (46.67%). Conclusion: In patients at Hepatology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, the prevalence of HBV infection was high (55.55%) and genotype B was predominant. In Surabaya, HBV genotype infection still remained like the previous pattern, although in Indonesia there have been many inter-island and ethnic migration. Further similar studies are needed to obtain the diversity of other HBV genotypes.

DETECTION OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR- (TNF- ) GENE PROMOTERS POLYMORPHISM AMONG LIVER CIRRHOSIS PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) INFECTION IN SURABAYA, INDONESIA Wungu, Citrawati Dyah Kencono; Amin, Mochamad; Ruslan, S. Eriaty N.; Purwono, Priyo Budi; Kholili, Ulfa; Maimunah, Ummi; Setiawan, Poernomo Boedi; Lusida, Maria Inge; Soetjipto, Soetjipto; Handajani, Retno
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 7, No 5 (2019)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

Polymorphisms in TNF-α gene promoter region are known of its role in the production of TNF-α which may influences the pathogenesis of liver disease. SNPs in positions 238 and 308 of TNF-α gene promoters may affect the production of these cytokines. This study was aimed to detect Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) on -238 and -308 positions in the TNF-α gene promoter among liver cirrhosis patients with HBV infection in Surabaya, Indonesia. This was descriptive exploratory research with cross sectional study design using serum liver cirrhosis patients with HBV infection in Endoscopy Outpatient Clinic Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya from April-May 2017. SNPs at -238 and -308 on TNF-α gene promoter (rs361525 and rs1800629 respectively) were detected using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) with primers specific for the TNF-α promoter region and restriction enzymes NcoI and MspI. The genotypes of TNF-α gene promoter were assessed according to the length of the fragments produced in RFLP. Serum TNF-α levels was measured by commercial ELISA. In this study, as much as 149 positive HBsAg patients was found in Endoscopy Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. From those amount, as much as 30 liver cirrhosis patients with positive HBsAg were obtained. From 2/30 (6.7%) patients showed the GA heterozygote SNP either position -238 or -308. No patient had the AA genotype. Median blood TNF-α level in women (38 ng / L) was higher than in men (33 ng / L). TNF-α levels in patients with GA heterozygote genotype at -238 and -308 in this research was not different than wild-type (GG genotype). Among patients with liver cirrhosis due to chronic HBV infection in Surabaya, Indonesia, Surabaya, we found GA polymorphisms the TNF-α promoter gene at positions -238 and -308 in 6.7% patients, and did not find homozygous AA polymorphisms. Further studies including larger numbers of patients from various ethnic backgrounds in Indonesia are needed to provide robust data on TNF-α gene promoter polymorphisms and their role in the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis with HBV infection in this country.

ANTI-HIV DAN SUBTIPE HIV PADA PASIEN HEMODIALISIS Handajani, Retno; Thaha, Mochammad; Amin, Mochamad; Wungu, Citrawati Dyah Kencono; Rianto, Edhi; Pranawa, Pranawa
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 22, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : PERHIMPUNAN DOKTER SPESIALIS PATOLOGI KLINIK INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v22i2.1124

Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Anti-HIV) was performed from 100 plasma Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stage 5 patientswith continuous hemodialysis (HD) at the Hemodialysis Instalation Dr Soetomo hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, using three (3) kind ofreagents: Tri-line HIV Rapid test Device from Acon for HIV 1/2/O as strips form, Foresight HIV 1/2/O Antibody EIA Test Kit from Aconand Anti-HIV 1+2/Subtype O ELISA from Axiom. HIV RNA and HIV subtype were detected by Reverse Transcription Polymerase ChainReaction (RT-PCR) based on HIV gag region and analysis of DNA result. Seventy three % patients were hemodialysed twice in a week andonly 14% with duration more than five (5) years. Most of the patients (43%) were hemodialysed between 100?300 times. From the 100plasma samples was obtained only one (1%) man patient plasma sample with positive anti-HIV. A weak positive of RT-PCR result wasnot succeed to be sequenced for determining the HIV subtype. This cause was suspected due to low levels of HIV RNA in blood. The resultsof this study was expected can be used as an additional management consideration of hemodialysis patients at the Hemodialysis Unit.

GENOTIPE DAN SUBTIPE VIRUS HEPATITIS B PENDERITA YANG TERINFEKSI KRONIK AKTIF Mastutik, Gondo; Juniastuti, Juniastuti; Rohman, Ali; Amin, Mochamad; Setiawan, Poernomo Boedi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 20, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : PERHIMPUNAN DOKTER SPESIALIS PATOLOGI KLINIK INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v20i2.1077

Chronic activivity of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection can lead to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. The objective of thisstudy was to know by analyzing the distribution of HBV genotypes and subtypes from hepatitis B patients suffering from chronic activehepatitis B infection in Surabaya. The HBV genotypes were determined by comparing the S gene sequences to those kept in the GeneBank. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by means of the unweighted-pair group method using arithmetic averages. Furthermore,the subtypes were deduced based on the prediction of amino acid residues 116 to 183 of HBsAg on multiple sequences alignment withClustalW2. This study involved 20 sera obtained from patients suffering chronic active hepatitis B infection. After PCR and sequencing,it was found that 13 samples could be used for sequence analysis. The results showed that all sequences were clustered into HBV genotypeB. The subtype adw2 was identified from 12 of 13 sequences, whereas one (1) belonged to ayw1. The subtype adw2 is most prevalent inIndonesia, namely in the islands of Sumatra, Java, South Kalimantan, Bali, Lombok, Ternate, and Morotai, while ayw1 is found in theislands of Nusa Tenggara and Moluccas. Based on this study, it was found that the patients with HBV subtype adw2 were from Surabaya, whereas with ayw1 was from Nusa Tenggara. It can be concluded that the HBV infected patients with chronic active hepatitis B inSurabaya have the genotype B with subtype adw2 which was originally from Surabaya, whereas, ayw1 was a patient originally fromNusa Tenggara.

RAGAMAN GENETIK GEN POLIMERASE VIRUS HEPATITIS B PADA PASIEN HEPATITIS B KRONIK DENGAN PENGOBATAN TELBIVUDIN Mastutik, Gondo; Juniastuti, Juniastuti; Rohman, Ali; Amin, Mochamad; Setiawan, Poernomo Boedi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 21, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : PERHIMPUNAN DOKTER SPESIALIS PATOLOGI KLINIK INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v21i2.1097

Infection caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still a major global health problem and can cause liver cirrhosis and hepatocellularcarcinoma as well. Telbivudine is one among the drugs used to treat the disease routinely. However, using this drug in a long term therapymight cause mutations in HBV polymerase gene that decreases the effectiveness of the therapy. Here with the researchers report the geneticvariations of the gene isolated from telbivudine-which is used treated chronic hepatitis B patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. The blood serawere collected at Dr. Soetomo hospital from 10 telbivudine-treated and 10 untreated chronic hepatitis B patients. The DNA viral wasisolated and purified from each serum. Sequence polymerase gene at nucleotides 455 to 796 was amplified by PCR, and then analyzedbio informatically to determine their mutation profile. This study revealed a point mutation in HBV25 sample at nucleotide A1525G thatgives rise to I509V modification. Such mutation is also observed in a sequence that is available in Gen Bank with an accession numberAY641562. Additionally, the researchers found point mutations A1554G, T1593C, and C1629T in HBV25 sample and a point mutationA1554G in HBV20 sample. However, these mutations are silent. To conclude, the mutation in HBV polymerase gene among telbivudinetreatedchronic hepatitis B patients in Surabaya is known as A1525G.

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