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Lamb production of prolific sheep Inounu, Ismeth; Tiesnamurti, Bess; ., Subandriyo; Martojo, Harimurti
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 4, No 3 (1999): SEPTEMBER 1999
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

The research was aimed to study factors that affected litter size (JAS), lamb survival (DHA) and litter weight at birth (BL) and at weaning (BS) on prolific ewes. Production records during the year of 1981-1993 were used in this study (1,437 records). Ewe genotypes (G), management levels (M), ewe parity (P) were the fixed effect and ewe gestation gain (PKB) was a covariable that included in the model. Analysis of variance for unbalanced data with general linear model procedure were used. Mean JAS was 1.77. Sources of variation that affected JAS were G, M, P-M interaction, and PKB. One copy of FecF gene increased the number of lambs born by 0.8. Changing toward a better management levels was followed by an increase of JAS. An increased of one kilogram PKB was also followed by an increase of 0.04 litter size born. The mean of BL was 3.43 kg and the sources of variation that affected BL were G, M and P-M interaction. At all management levels, primipara ewes had lower litter size at birth and litter birth weight than the pluripara ewes. Mean DHA found was 73.93%, it was affected by G-M interaction, P and PKB. First parity ewes has 11% lower of DHA than second parity ewes. An increase of 1 kg PKB was followed by an increase of 2.3% of DHA. Sources of variation that affected BS were G-M interaction, P and PKB. Mean BS in this study was 13.12 kg. Key words : Prolific sheep, lamb production

Impact of sheep stocking density and breed on behaviour of newly regrouped adult rams SEC, Engeldal; ., Subandriyo; E, Handiwirawan; RR, Noor
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 18, No 1 (2013): MARCH 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Placing animals in cages with certain density and good grouping were two important aspects needed in intensive livestock production system to produce optimal production and animal welfare. The objective of this study was to examine effect of stocking density, breed and elapse of time on behaviour of newly regrouped, unacquainted adult rams from three sheep breeds i.e. Barbados Blackbelly Cross, Local Garut and Composite Garut, as possible factor causing variation in welfare status. Instantaneous scan sampling was used for recording sheep behaviour at three different stocking densities. Thirty-six adult rams were used in this research and divided into three groups (n = 12) on the basis of breed. At each stocking density four rams of the same breed were observed during two consecutive days. The recorded behaviours were agonistic-, self-care-, exploratory-, aberrant-, mating-, locomotive- and standing behaviour. The results showed that during the entire experiment agonistic behaviour was observed at the highest frequency. Stocking density was found to have a significant effect on exploratory-, locomotive- and standing behaviour. The effect of breed was found to cause significant differences in agonistic-, self-care-, aberrant- and mating behaviour. Significant differences were also found between day 1 and day 2 of regrouping for agonistic-, exploratory, self-care- and mating behaviour. It is concluded that the three breeds do differ in their behavioural reactions to different stocking density levels and time needed for adaptation after regrouping. Key Words: Sheep, Stocking Density, Behaviour, Animal Welfare

Milk production capacity of prolific Priangan sheep: Preweaning performance Tiesnamurti, Bess; Inonou, Ismeth; ., Subandriyo
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 7, No 4 (2002): DECEMBER 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

A study was conducted to investigate the milk production capacity and preweaning performance of the prolific Priangan sheep, at sheep breeding station of the Research Institute for Animal production, Bogor using 126 ewes during three lambing periods in three consecutive years. The milk production was estimated weekly, started at day 7 after lambing date, till lambs were weaned at 90 days of age. The results showed that total milk production was significantly affected (P<0.05) by parity and the number of lambs born with average daily milk production of 519.5 g head-1 day-1. Estimated total milk production was 43.6 kg/lactation (N = 126; SD = 7.8; CV = 19.4%; range = 28.7-53.6 kg). According to the dam parity, the highest milk production was estimated at third parity (40.1 kg head-1 lactation-1), whereas on the basis of litter size, ewes with twin born lamb had the highest production (39.9 kg head-1 lactation-1). The preweaning lamb performance (weaning weight and preweaning daily gain) was significantly affected (P<0.05) by ewe parity, sex, litter size and type of birth and weaned, with the average weaning weight of 10.62 kg (N = 208; SD = 3.37; CV = 25.08%) and 130.9 + 41.8 g head-1 day-1 (N = 208; SD = 33.5; CV = 31.26%), respectively. Where as lamb birth weight was significantly affected (P<0.05) by ewe parity, sex and the number of lambs bornwith average of 2.39 kg (N = 208; SD = 0.66; CV = 9.8%). Key words: Milk production, prolific sheep, preweaning performance

Growth curve analysis of Garut sheep and its crossbreds Inounu, Ismeth; Mauluddin, D; Noor, R.R; ., Subandriyo
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 12, No 4 (2007): DECEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Data of body weight of Garut sheep and its crossbreds of 488 head, consist of 149 head of Garut sheep, 115 head of St. Croix X Garut (HG), 68 head of Mouton Charollais X Garut (MG), 101 head of MG X HG (MHG) and 55 head of HG X MG (HMG) which is collected from Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production at Bogor station were used in individual growth curve analysis. Three growth curve non linier model were used in this study i.e Logistik, Gompertz and Von Bertalanffy models. Comparisons were made among these models for goodness of fit, biological interpretability of parameters and computional ease and effect of genotype and environment in them. Least square means growth curve parameters which have biological interpretability were used to compare effect the genotype, interse mated procces and estimated heterosis effect. The result indicated that Von Bertalanffy was the best model in fitting the data from Garut and Crossbreds although the model needed more iteration than others in computations. All models have good biological interpretability especially for parameter mature size (A) and rate of maturity (k). Genotype, year of birth, sex and type of birth reared were important effects (p<0.01) in mature size (A) for all models except effect of type of birth rearing (P<0.05) in Logistic model. Year of birth had important effect (p<0.01) in rate of maturity (k) for all models. Genotype, year of birth, sex, parity and type of birth reared also had important effect (p<0.01) in parameter b/M; except b parameter in Von Bertalanffy was affected significantly by sex (P<0.05). Key Words: Growth Curve, Garut Sheep and Crossbreds, Relative Superiority

Reproductive performance of small ruminants in an outreach pilot project in West Java Setiadi, B.; ., Subandriyo; Iniguez, L. C.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 1, No 2 (1995)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v1i2.13

Reproductive performance of small ruminants was evaluated in an on-farm multidisciplinary research project, known as the outreach pilot project (OPP), involving village farms in West Java, Indonesia . Strategies to increase production of small ruminants were implemented in this project . Data from three consecutive years (1986-87, 1987-1988 and 1988-1989) showed no significant increase in flock size . Average number of ewes per farm per month (EA) was 4 .1 . Although on average, larger farms had lower flock performance, a few individual farms with large flocks performed outstandingly in both reproduction and production . Twenty-eight percent of the farms had averaged 10 month lambing intervals (LI) with a potential of 3 lambings every 2 years (8 months interval) . Most of the differences between years were mainly due to changes in farm average litter size (FLS) (P<0.05) and changes in lamb mortality (%M) (P>0.05) : from 1 .33 and 20.5% to 1 .57 and 10 .4% ; for averages of FLS and %M between years 1986-87 and 1987-89, respectively. These changes were reflected in an increase in the number of lambs weaned per year per ewe available (LWEA) from 1 .19 in year 1 to 1 .60 in years 2 and 3, and were assumed to be promoted by the on-farm research program . Farms with large FLS in spite of higher %M, contributed a net improvement in LWEA and kilograms of lambs weaned. A different range of 3 .9-4 .5 kg of lambs weaned was found between the top 4 and the bottom 6 farms for FLS (averaging 2 .09 and 1 .19, respectively, for FLS) . Litter sizes 2 and 3 contributed substantial improvement in ewe productivity, weaning 18 and 23 kg of lambs, respectively . Key words : Small ruminants, reproductive performance, village farms, West Java

Responses of two genotypes of lambs on the infection of Haemonchus contortus and the level of energy supplements Ginting, Simon P; Batubara, Aron; Romjali, Endang; Rangkuti, M; ., Subandriyo
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v4i1.133

A study was conducted to evaluate the responses of lambs on the infection of Haemonchus contortus and the level of energy supplements. Forty eight male lambs, 3-4 months old were used in a factorial experimental design (2x2x2) which lasted for 9 weeks. The factors were breed (Local Sumatra and Sungai Putih: 50% Local Sumatra, 25% St. Croix; 25% Barbados Blackbelly), level of Haemonchus infection (3,000 L3 and 1,500 L3 per week) and level of energy supplement (2,900 kcal/kg DM and 2,300 kcal/kg DM). Infection at 3,000 L3 decreased (P<0.05) ADG of lambs of both energy levels. An extremely low ADG (10-16 g) was observed in 3000 L3 group given low energy level. Body condition of lambs fed high energy level was constant over the experiment, but it decreased at the rate of 0.9 to 1.1 unit at the low energy supplement. EPG was higher (P>0.001) in the 3000 L3 group, was lower (P<0.05) in the Local Sumatra, but not affected (P>0.10) by energy level. PCV was not affected (P>0.10) by infection levels, but lower (P<0.01) in the low energy group or in the St Croix crosses. Eosinophil and serum protein concentration were not affected by energy and infection level, but they were higher (P<0.01) in the local Sumatra. It was concluded that strong effects of level of infection and genotype was detected to influence the impact of Haemonchus infection in lambs. However, the effect of energy levels was less consistent as judged from the EPG, PCV, eosinophil and serum protein data. Â Key words : Energy level, genotype, infection level, Haemonchus contortus, lambs

The estimation of genetic distance and discriminant variables on breed of Indonesian sheep by morphological analysis Suparyanto, Agus; Purwadaria, T; ., Subandriyo
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v4i2.142

The morphological discriminant and canonical analyses were carried out to determine the genetic distance and discriminant variables between Indonesian breeds of thin tail sheep from Deli Serdang (North Sumatera), Ciamis and Garut (West Java) and fat tail sheep from Garahan and Pamekasan (East Java). The number of sheep randomly collected from farmers was 665 heads, while that from breeding station was 183 heads. Zoometrical variables studied were body weight, body length, wither height, chest depth, chest circumference, hip height, hip depth, hip circumference, tail length, tail width and tail thickness. SAS package program was used to analyze the data. Results from distribution mapping produced by canonical analysis and Mahalanobis distance (phenogram tree) showed that breeds are divided into two groups. The first group is thin tail sheep which consists of Ciamis, Garut and Sumatera, and the other is fat tail sheep which consists of Garahan and Pamekasan. The groups of Ciami and Garut were mixed by Garahan with 1.01 and 1.20%, respectively but were not contaminated by Pamekasan (0.00%). The highest similarity between individual inside the group was obtained from Sumatera (84.27%) due to the isolated flock. It was mixed more by Ciamis (7.87%) and Garut (5.62%) than Garahan (1.69%) and Pamekasan (0.50%). Results from canonical analysis also showed that body length, chest circumference, hip circumference, and body weight was less discriminant variables to determine the differences between breeds, while the most discriminant variables were obtained by tail length, tail width and tailthickness. Â Key words : Sheep, genetic distance, morphology

Lamb production of prolific sheep Inounu, Ismeth; Tiesnamurti, Bess; ., Subandriyo; Martojo, Harimurti
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 4, No 3 (1999)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v4i3.152

The research was aimed to study factors that affected litter size (JAS), lamb survival (DHA) and litter weight at birth (BL) and at weaning (BS) on prolific ewes. Production records during the year of 1981-1993 were used in this study (1,437 records). Ewe genotypes (G), management levels (M), ewe parity (P) were the fixed effect and ewe gestation gain (PKB) was a covariable that included in the model. Analysis of variance for unbalanced data with general linear model procedure were used. Mean JAS was 1.77. Sources of variation that affected JAS were G, M, P-M interaction, and PKB. One copy of FecF gene increased the number of lambs born by 0.8. Changing toward a better management levels was followed by an increase of JAS. An increased of one kilogram PKB was also followed by an increase of 0.04 litter size born. The mean of BL was 3.43 kg and the sources of variation that affected BL were G, M and P-M interaction. At all management levels, primipara ewes had lower litter size at birth and litter birth weight than the pluripara ewes. Mean DHA found was 73.93%, it was affected by G-M interaction, P and PKB. First parity ewes has 11% lower of DHA than second parity ewes. An increase of 1 kg PKB was followed by an increase of 2.3% of DHA. Sources of variation that affected BS were G-M interaction, P and PKB. Mean BS in this study was 13.12 kg. Â Key words : Prolific sheep, lamb production

Characterization of introduced breed of sheep and pattenl of conservation of Sumatera thin tail (STT) sheep in North Sumatera D, Priyanto; Siregar, A.R; Handiwirawan, E; ., Subandriyo
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v5i1.174

Sumatera thin tail (STT) sheep are highly adapted to the local environment, no seasonal reproductive activity, and highresistance to internal parasite, but they have small body size and low mature body weight. "On Fann research" to identify morphological characteristics of intoduced breed and STT sheep, as well as an altemative conservation pattem were conducted in two location, i.e. Pulahan village, Air Batu District, Asahan Regency as the potensial area for STT sheep and Pulo Gambar village, Galang District, Deli Serdang Regency as the development area of introduced breed of sheep. The approach of Agroecosystem analysis, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of STT and introduced breed of sheep as well as interview to the farmer that raised STT in order to get recommendation of conservation pattern were aplied. The study show that STT sheep were isolated from the other area, and the populations tend to decrease from year to year. Qualitative characteristics of STT indicated smaller linear body measurements than those of introducted breed of sheep at the same age. Qualitative characteristics indicated that STT possess dominance body color of light brown and white (50.93% vs 41.28%). The STT mostly have one body color pattern (61.75%). The dominance spotted pattem were 1-10% of the body (60.29%), while the dominance of the head color was light brown (48.40%). Conservation pattern of STT are through natural process, in which the farmers are directly conserved, therefore the farmers do not have opportunity to develop their sheep farming. Therefore the conservation pattern recomnendation for STT sheep are by defending the location as "in situ conservation" or "on farm conservation" and giving "compensation program" to fanner because STT sheep farming less benefit than those of introduced breed of sheep. Â Key Word: Sumatera thin tail sheep, introduced breed of sheep, characterization, Conservation patter

Non-linear growth analysis of Sumatera thin tail sheep and its cross breds Suparyanto, Agus; ., Subandriyo; Widarya, T.R; Martojo, H.H
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 6, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v6i4.250

Growth curve is a figure of individual ability to express its genetic potential to maximum size under the existingenvironmental condition. Three non-linear growth curves, von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz, were used to analyze the weight-age relationship for five genotypes of sheep. The data were collected from IP2TP Sei Putih, North Sumatera. Num ber of animals which were collected consisted of five genotypes i.e, indigenous Sumatera (n=275), St. Croix (n=571), St. Croix Cross (n=899), Barbados Blackbelly Cross (n=471) and composite (n=740). The three non-linear growth curves were compared to obtain the most suitable curve for describing the shape of growth curves among sheep genotypes. The growth curves of von Bertalanffy fitted better than the others. The results showed that regression parameters of B or M (integral constante) were significantly different (P<0.001) among growth curves. It means that higher asymptotic weights will be followed by faster growth rates to reach mature size. Value of A (asymptotic mature weigh) and k (growth rate to mature size) were not significant (P>0.05). The data show that there was correlation between A and k. Â Key words: Sumatera thin-tail sheep, crossing, non-linear growth

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